New research has found a molecule that prompts immune cells to develop the ability to produce an allergic response. The molecule is called thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). This substance is implicated in the development of asthma, eczema and food allergies.

The study focused on dendritic cells, which initiate the primary immune response. Dendritic cells affect other immune cells called T cells, which causes the T cells to develop into either helper 1 cells (Th1) or helper 2 cells (Th2). While a critical part of our immune system, Th2 also drive allergic response.

Dendritic cells which come in contact with TSLP produce messenger molecules that act on T cells to develop into Th2 cells.

Because of the connection between Th2 cells and allergies, researchers were able to determine that TSLP is the switch which sets up the development of allergies.

Source: Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News